the ugn/ugs3059ka and ugn/ugs3060ka ac-coupled hall- effect gear-tooth sensors are monolithic integrated circuits that switch in response to changing differential magnetic fields created by moving ferrous targets. these devices are ideal for use in non-zero-speed, gear-tooth-based speed, position, and timing applications such as in anti-lock braking systems, transmissions, and crankshafts. both devices, when coupled with a back-biasing magnet, can be configured to turn on or off with the leading or trailing edge of a gear-tooth or slot. changes in fields on the magnet face caused by a moving ferrous mass are sensed by two integrated hall transducers and are differentially amplified by on-chip electronics. this differential sensing design provides immunity to radial vibration within the devices operating air gaps. steady-state magnet and system offsets are eliminated using an on-chip differential band-pass filter. this filter also provides relative immunity to interference from rf and electromag- netic sources. the on-chip temperature compensation and schmitt trigger circuitry minimizes shifts in effective working air gaps and switch points over temperature, allowing operation to low frequencies over a wide range of air gaps and temperatures. each hall-effect digital integrated circuit includes a voltage regu- lator, two quadratic hall-effect sensing elements, temperature com- pensating circuitry, a low-level amplifier, band-pass filter, schmitt trigger, and an open-collector output driver. the on-board regulator permits operation with supply voltages of 4.5 to 24 volts. the output stage can easily switch 20 ma over the full frequency response range of the sensor and is compatible with bipolar and mos logic circuits. the two devices provide a choice of operating temperature ranges. both devices are packaged in a 5-pin plastic sip. hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled always order by complete part number, e.g., ugs3060ka . data sheet 27612.20? absolute maximum ratings at t a = +25 c supply voltage, v cc ............................. 24 v reverse battery voltage, v rcc .......... -30 v magnetic flux density, b ............ unlimited output off voltage, v out .................... 24 v output current, i out ......................... 25 ma package power dissipation, p d ............................................ 500 mw operating temperature range, t a prefix ?gn ................. -20 c to +85 c prefix ?gs ............... -40 c to +125 c storage temperature range, t s ............................... -65 c to +150 c v cc 1 4 3 2 5 x x dwg. ph-011 supply output ground filter filter features senses motion of ferrous targets such as gears wide operating temperature range operation to 30 khz resistant to rfi, emi large effective air gap 4.5 v to 24 v operation output compatible with all logic families reverse battery protection resistant to physical stress pinning is shown viewed from branded side. 3059 and 3060
3059 and 3060 hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled 115 northeast cutoff, box 15036 worcester, massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 2 3059 3060 characteristic test conditions min. typ. max. min. typ. max. units operate point, b op output switches off to on 10 65 100 5.0 15 35 g release point, b rp output switches on to off -100 -65 -10 -35 -15 -5.0 g hysteresis, b hys b op - b rp 130 30 g functional block diagram electrical characteristics over operating temperature range. limits characteristic symbol test conditions min. typ. max. units supply voltage v cc operating 4.5 24 v output saturation voltage v out(sat) i out = 20 ma, b > b op 130 400 mv output leakage current i off v out = 24 v, b < b rp 10 a supply current i cc v cc = 18 v, b < b rp 11 20 ma high-frequency cutoff f coh -3 db 30 khz output rise time t r v out = 12 v, r l = 820 ? 0.04 0.2 s output fall time t f v out = 12 v, r l = 820 ? 0.18 0.3 s magnetic characteristics over operating temperature and supply voltage ranges part numbers* notes: * complete part number includes a prefix to identify operating temperature range (ugn or ugs) and the package suffix ka. 1. magnetic switch points are specified as the difference in magnetic fields at the two hall elements. 2. as used here, negative flux densities are defined as less than zero (algebraic convention). 3. typical values are at t a = 25 c and v cc = 12 v. 4. 1 gauss (g) is exactly equal to 0.1 millitesla (mt). output x x dwg. fh-008 supply ground filter filter reg + - 1 4 5 2 3 copyright ? 1993, 2002 allegro microsystems, inc.
3059 and 3060 hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled www.allegromicro.com 3 typical operating characteristics switch points 0 50 100 ambient temperature in c -50 dwg. gh-056 differential flux density in gauss 50 100 0 -50 3060 release point 3059 v = 8 v cc 150 -100 -25 25 75 125 3059 operate point 3060 dwg. gh-057 differential flux density in gauss 10 20 0 -10 -20 0 supply voltage in volts 510152025 ugn/ugs3060ka i = 20 ma t = +25 c out a operate point release point 0 25 50 75 100 300 0 ambient temperature in c 200 100 -50 dwg. gh-029-1 saturation voltage in mv 150 -25 125 i = 20 ma v = 12 v out cc 200 50 150 100 dwg. gh-055 saturation voltage in mv 0 supply voltage in volts 510152025 i = 20 ma t = +25 c out a output saturation voltage
3059 and 3060 hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled 115 northeast cutoff, box 15036 worcester, massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 4 typical operating characteristics supply current 0 supply current in ma 20 15 10 5 0 255075100 ambient temperature in c -50 dwg. gh-028-1 125 -25 v = 18 v cc 150 b b rp a gear-tooth sensing system consists of the sensor ic, a back-biasing magnet, and a target. the system requirements are usually specified in terms of the effective working air gap between the package and the target (gear teeth), the number of switching events per rotation of the target, temperature and speed ranges, minimum pulse duration or duty cycle, and switch point accuracy. careful choice of the sensor ic, magnet material and shape, target material and shape, and assembly techniques enables large working air gaps and high switch-point accuracy over the system operating temperature range. naming conventions. with a south pole in front of the branded surface of the sensor or a north pole behind the sensor, the field at the sensor is defined as positive. as used here, negative flux densities are defined as less than zero (algebraic convention), e.g., -100 g is less than +50 g. magnet biasing. in order to sense moving non- magnetized ferrous targets, these devices must be back- biased by mounting the unbranded side on a small permanent magnet. either magnetic pole (north or south) can be used. the devices can also be used without a back-biasing magnet. in this configuration, the sensor can be used to detect a rotating ring magnet such as those found in brushless dc motors or in speed sensing applications. here, the sensor detects the magnetic field gradient created by the magnetic poles. applications information 0 8 supply current in ma supply voltage in volts dwg. gh-031-1 13 12 11 10 9 510152025 t = +25 c a b < b rp
3059 and 3060 hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled www.allegromicro.com 5 24 v max 0+b 0 output voltage in volts differential flux density, b e1 ?b e2 dwg. gh-034 -b op rp b b v out(sat) figure 2 op b b b e1 e2 gear 4300 g 4130 g 150 g 0 g -150 g rp b v out(sat) v out b & b e1 e2 output duty cycle 50% dwg. wh-003-1 direction of rotation leading edge trailing edge north south e2 e1 (a) (b) (c) sensor operation. these sensor ics each contain two integrated hall transducers (e1 and e2) that are used to sense a magnetic field differential across the face of the ic (see sensor location drawing). referring to figure 1, the trigger switches the output on (output low) when b e1 - b e2 < b op and switches the output off (output high) when b e1 - b e2 < b rp . the difference between b op and b rp is the hysteresis of the device. figure 2 relates the output state of a back-biased sensor ic, with switching characteristics shown in figure 1, to the target gear profile and position. assume a north pole back-bias configuration (equivalent to a south pole at the face of the device). the motion of the gear produces a phase-shifted field at e1 and e2 (figure 2(a)); internal conditioning circuitry subtracts the fields at the two elements (figure 2(b)); this differential field is band-pass filtered to remove dc offset components and then fed into a schmitt trigger; the schmitt trigger switches the output transistor at the thresholds b op and b rp . as shown (figure 2(c)), the ic output is low whenever sensor e1 sees a (ferrous) gear tooth and sensor e2 faces air. the output is high when sensor e1 sees air and sensor e2 sees the ferrous target. ac-coupled operation. steady-state magnet and system offsets are eliminated using an on-chip differential band-pass filter. the lower frequency cut-off of this patented filter is set using an external capacitor the value of which can range from 0.01 f to 10 f. the high- frequency cut-off of this filter is set at 30 khz by an internal integrated capacitor. the differential structure of this filter enables the ic to reject single-ended noise on the ground or supply line and, hence, makes it resistant to radio-frequency and electromagnetic interference typically seen in hostile remote sensing environments. this filter configuration also increases system tolerance to capacitor degradation at high temperatures, allowing the use of an inexpensive external ceramic capacitor. figure 1 typical transfer characteristic applications information (contd)
3059 and 3060 hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled 115 northeast cutoff, box 15036 worcester, massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 6 low-frequency operation. low-frequency opera- tion of the sensor is set by the value of an external capacitor. figure 3 provides the low-frequency cut-off (-3 db point) of the filter as a function of capacitance value. this information should be used with care. the graph assumes a perfect sinusoidal magnetic signal input. in reality, when used with gear teeth, the teeth create transitions in the magnetic field that have a much higher frequency content than the basic rotational speed of the target. this allows the device to sense speeds much lower than those indicated by the graph for a given capacitor value. codes z5s, y5s, x5s, or x7s (depending on operating temperature range) or better are recommended. the commonly available z5u temperature code should not be used in this application. magnet selection. the ugx3059ka or ugx3060ka can be used with a wide variety of commercially available permanent magnets. the selection of the magnet de- pends on the operational and environmental requirements of the sensing system. for systems that require high accuracy and large working air gaps or an extended temperature range, the usual magnet mate- rial of choice is rare-earth samarium cobalt (smco). this magnet material has a high energy product and can operate over an extended temperature range. for sys- tems that require low-cost solutions for an extended temperature range, alnico 8 can be used. due to its relatively low energy product, smaller operational air gaps can be expected. neodymium iron boron (nefeb) can be used over moderate temperature ranges when large working air gaps are required. of these three magnet materials, alnico 8 is the least expensive by volume and smco is the most expensive. system issues. optimal performance of a gear-tooth sensing system strongly depends on four factors: the ic magnetic parameters, the magnet, the pole piece configu- ration, and the target. sensor specifications. shown in figure 4 are graphs of the differential field as a function of air gap. a 48-tooth, 2.5 (63.5 mm) diameter, uniform target similar to that used in abs applications is used. the samarium cobalt magnet is 0.32 diameter by 0.20 long (8.13 x 5.08 mm). the maximum functioning air gap with this typical gear/magnet combination can be determined using the graphs and specifications for the sensor ic. in this case, if a ugx3060ka sensor with a typical b op of 15 g and a b rp of -15 g is used, the maximum allow- able air gap would be approximately 0.120 . if the worst case switch points of 35 g for the ugx3060ka are used, the maximum air gap is approximately 0.105 . all system issues should be translated back to such a profile to aid the prediction of system performance. figure 3 capacitor characteristics. the major requirement for the external capacitor is its ability to operate in a bipolar (non-polarized) mode. another important require- ment is the low leakage current of the capacitor (equiva- lent parallel resistance should be greater than 500k ? ). to maintain proper operation with frequency, capacitor values should be held to within 30% over the operating temperature range. available non polarized capacitors include ceramic, polyester, and some tantalum types. for low-cost operation, ceramic capacitors with temperature 0.1 1.0 10 1.0 10 capacitance in f 100 0.1 0.01 dwg. gh-025 low-frequency cutoff in hz 1 k applications information (contd)
3059 and 3060 hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled www.allegromicro.com 7 figure 4 differential flux density 0 -2000 airgap from package face in inches dwg. gh-035 2000 1000 0 -1000 -1500 0.025 0.050 0.100 0.125 1500 0.075 -500 500 differential flux density in gauss ferrous targets. the best ferrous targets are made of cold-rolled low-carbon steel. sintered-metal targets are also usable, but care must be taken to ensure uniform material composition and density. the teeth or slots of the target should be cut with a slight angle so as to minimize the abruptness of transition from metal to air as the target passes by the sensor. sharp transitions will result in magnetic overshoots that can result in false triggering. gear teeth larger than 0.10 (2.54 mm) wide and at least 0.10 (2.54 mm) deep provide reasonable working air gaps and adequate change in magnetic field for reliable switching. generally, larger teeth and slots allow a larger air gap. a gear tooth width approximating the spacing between sensors (0.088 or 2.24 mm) requires special care in the sytem design and assembly tech- niques. figure 5 sensor locations ( 0.005 [0.13 mm] die placement) a dwg. mh-007e 0.0165" 0.42 mm nom branded surface active area depth 0.087" 2.20 mm 12 4 5 3 e1 e2 0.083" 2.10 mm 0.075" 1.91 mm 0.070 -200 airgap from package face in inches dwg. gh-036 200 100 0 -100 -150 0.080 0.090 0.110 0.120 150 0.100 -50 50 differential flux density in gauss a applications information (contd)
3059 and 3060 hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled 115 northeast cutoff, box 15036 worcester, massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 8 the products described herein are manufactured under one or more of the following u.s. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783; 5,442,283; 5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319; 5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other patents pending. allegro microsystems, inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. allegro products are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support appliances, devices, or systems without express written approval. the information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, allegro microsystems, inc. assumes no responsi- bility for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. applications information (contd) extensive applications information for hall-effect sensors is available in: ? hall-effect ic applications guide , application note 27701; ? hall-effect devices: soldering, gluing, potting, encapsulating, and lead forming , application note 27703.1; ? soldering of through-hole hall-sensor dervices , application note 27703; and ? soldering of surface-mount hall-sensor devices , application note 27703.2. all are provided in allegro electronic data book , ams-702. or at www.allegromicro.com
3059 and 3060 hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled www.allegromicro.com 9 notes: 1. tolerances on package height and width represent allowable mold offsets. dimensions given are measured at the widest po int (parting line). 2. exact body and lead configuration at vendor s option within limits shown. 3. height does not include mold gate flash. 4. recommended minimum pwb hole diameter to clear transition area is 0.035 (0.89 mm). 5. where no tolerance is specified, dimension is nominal. 6. supplied in bulk pack (500 pieces per bag). surface-mount lead form (suffix -tl) 2.41 0.13 0.51 min flat dwg. mh-015 mm 0.10 max 0.051 max 0 8 0.095 0.005 0.020 min flat dwg. mh-015 in 0.004 max 0.002 max 0 8 dwg. mh-010h in 0.018 0.0173 0.0138 0.0189 0.0142 0.050 bsc 1345 2 0.063 0.059 45 0.600 0.560 0.083 max 0.252 0.247 0.181 0.176 see note dimensions in inches (controlling dimensions) dimensions in millimeters (for reference only) dwg. mh-010h mm 0.46 0.44 0.35 0.48 0.36 1.27 bsc 1345 2 1.60 1.50 45 15.24 14.23 2.11 max 6.40 6.27 4.60 4.47 see note
3059 and 3060 hall-effect gear-tooth sensors ?c coupled 115 northeast cutoff, box 15036 worcester, massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 10 special-purpose hall-effect sensors dual-output hall-effect digital switches partial operate release hysteresis part point (g) point (g) (g) oper. number over oper. voltage & temp. range temp. package comments ugn3235 35 to 200 15 to 190 15 to 110 sk independent -200 to -35 -190 to -15 15 to 110 switch outputs ugn3275 15 to 250 -250 to -15 >100 s k complementary latch outputs direction-detecting hall-effect digital switches partial operate release hysteresis part point (g) point (g) (g) oper. number over oper. voltage & temp. range temp. package comments a3422x <85 >-85 >10 e, l ka direction and speed outputs a3425l <30 >-30 5 to 35 l k requires external logic gear-tooth/ring magnet (dual element) hall-effect sensors see also, adaptive threshold sensors (subassemblies containg sensor and magnet) partial operate release hysteresis change in part point (g) point (g) (g) trip point (g) oper. number over oper. voltage & temp. range temp. package comments a3056x <150 >-150 15 to 90 < 75 e, l u zero-speed a3058x <250 >-250 150 to 250 < 50 e, l u zero-speed ugx3059 10 to 100 -100 to -10 typ130 s, k ka >0.2 hz ugx3060 5 to 35 -35 to -5 typ 30 s, k ka >0.2 hz a3064l 0 to 27.5 -12.5 to 7.5 5 to 35 l ka >0.2 hz notes: 1) typical data is at t a = +25 c and nominal operating voltage. 2) x = operating temperature range [suffix letter or (prefix)]: s (ugn) = -20 c to +85 c, e = -40 c to +85 c, j = -40 c to +115 c, k (ugs) = -40 c to +125 c, l (ugl) = -40 c to +150 c.
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